Humans possess a unique combination of evolutionary adaptations that have enabled an unprecedented level of cognitive and behavioral complexity. Researchers in this study analyzed over a thousand skull and brain samples from Homo sapiens and a number of our closest extinct relatives to track the changes that occurred in human brain development during evolution. They found that the modern human brain has evolved rapidly over the last 35,000 years, both in terms of our cranial capacity as well as the symmetry and complexity of our brain structure.
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